Publications

Literature review of interdependencies between public and private standards. It focuses on how governments could engage with private standards to impact their legitimacy and significance in the market; provides examples of complementarities between public and private standards. Part three of a...

This paper provides easy-to-follow guidance on the basic labelling requirements for finished natural product and sustainability certification. Labelling products correctly is an essential requirement to sell natural products in the United States consumer market and exporters from developing...

Mauritian exporters claim to be less affected by trade barriers than many other countries that have participated in the ITC business surveys on non-tariff measures. Among the 400 Mauritian firms surveyed, 27% of exporters were adversely affected by non-tariff measures; 36% of importing firms...

Rwandan exporters face onerous standards imposed by private clients in addition to government requirements, an ITC survey reveals. Fair Trade certificates demanded by clients in the European Union, especially for coffee and tea, are bringing costs and delays that seriously hinder Rwandan exporters,...

Streamlining government procedures, improving transport maintenance and IT infrastructure, and better dissemination of trade-related information are cited as keys to improving Kenya’s export performance, in a new ITC country study on non-tariff measures. Two-thirds of companies surveyed in Kenya...

Some 70% of Tanzanian businesses say they face burdensome non-tariff measures (NTMs), mostly related to food and agro-based products, according to a recent ITC survey. Nearly 84% of these cases are for exports to developing countries, mostly to the East African Community and the Southern African...

Lack of adequate SPS infrastructure and a recognized national standards body in the country is one of the primary causes of difficulties faced by Cambodian exporters, according to ITC’s new country study on non-tariff measures. A survey of 502 exporters and importers in Cambodia finds 69% of the...

Pakistani companies in key export sectors can boost sales and employment by taking advantage of new market access terms offered by the European Union since 2014 under its ‘Generalized System of Preferences-plus’ (GSP+) scheme. This business guide outlines what the GSP+ status entails for...

This is the first training guide that helps tea farmers and factories lower their emissions and reduce energy costs. It was created with the Ethical Tea Partnership, the Rainforest Alliance and FLOCERT using a Kenya Tea Development Agency factory as a pilot case. Climate change is already having an...

Cette publication du Centre du commerce international (ITC) à l'occasion de son 50ème anniversaire explore les nouvelles opportunités de connecter aux marchés mondiaux les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) des pays en développement, fournit des recommandations pour l'assistance au commerce,...

L’équilibre approprié de politiques et réglementations nationales commerciales peut permettre aux entreprises d’améliorer la compétitivité de leurs exportations et leur servir de tremplin pour accéder aux chaînes de valeur mondiales. Ce guide réuni les instruments de politique...

To be part of value chains dominated by large global players, small and medium-sized enterprises need a sound business environment, ready access to finance, and institutional support to reach new markets and to defend their interests.This ITC-WTO study explores constraints faced by businesses in 23...